What Is Happening Science Classrooms Around The Country

Once while attending a music festival I came upon a vendor selling all types of baked goods. Among the fair was a dessert clearly marked â€Å"best dessert ever.† Imagine yourself tasting this and finding it to be a small slice of heaven. Imagine yourself coming into possession of the recipe for the bde. Excitedly you rush home to make, indulge, and share the BDE with friends. Now imagine the disappointment you have when you find the recipe difficult to understand, tough to follow, and impossible to reproduce. This situation is what is indicative of what is happening in science classrooms around the country. Students are taught to think critically, to measure carefully, to record meticulously, but when it comes to writing, many of†¦show more content†¦There is no denying the benefit of art (creative thinking) in the science classrooms, without it scientific problems may never get solved. But the art of writing has always been a tenant of STEM and PBL. Consider the following Definition of Scientific Inquiry, an integral part of STEM learning, from the National Research Council; The 5 features of science inquiry Learner Engages in Scientifically Oriented Questions Learner Gives Priority to Evidence in Responding to Questions Learner Formulates Explanations from Evidence Learner Connects Explanations to Scientific Knowledge Learner Communicates and Justifies Explanations All of these involve writing of some type, specifically scientific writing which I will explain later, can be quite different from what is usually taught in the K-8 ELA classroom. There are many reasons to teach writing in the science classroom, and chief among them is that it is the law. As school teachers, we have agreed to uphold the standards of our individual districts. Our districts have agreed to uphold that standard of the state, and our state to uphold our national standards- the common core curriculum. The common core includes ___ writing standards. To not include these standards in our curriculum is to violate contractual agreements and sacrifice your own professionalism Writing is the most common form of communication in science. In fact, scientists spend approximately 80 percent of their time reading and writing.

The, Bernardino Of Siena, And Martin Le Franc - 2167 Words

Voices of men have traditionally been the loudest, and therefore most important in history, especially in Medieval Europe where male academics and preachers had the most influence on the lower classes and upper classes. Those accused of witchcraft were disproportionately female, and the writing and sermons from this era clearly set the groundwork for misogynistic witch hunts which are to come in the Early Modern period. The works of Burchard of Worms, William of Malmesbury, Jacobus de Voragine, Bernardino of Siena, and Martin Le Franc each perpetuate different stereotypes of magic which all address the idea of gender in sorcery. While not all of these texts take explicitly misogynistic or misandristic positions, they give insight into whether or not gender was a main issue in determining who was or wasn’t a witch. However, it’s important to keep in mind whose voice is being heard in these texts: often well respected, upper class, or clerical men. As a result of these au thors positions, they have influence far beyond their parishes and countries and, therefore, can define, both explicitly and implicitly, what ideas are â€Å"correct† about the behavior of women, specifically regarding witchcraft. Because these texts were written by men, there is a clear and distinct bias about women’s behavior and their possible involvement in the magical arts, however there are some notable variations that still establish harmfully unattainable ideal. The majority of the writings and preachings

Worldview for Concept of God - Soul and Redemption - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWorldview for Concept of God, Soul and Redemption. Answer: Different religions have different approaches while defining the concept of God, soul, redemption and afterlife and that precisely each of these approaches defines each worldview. The purpose of the essay is to compare and contrast the elements of worldview of two religions- Christianity, founded by Jesus Christ and Buddhism, founded by Gautama Buddha. The Christian worldview believes in the existence of an Omnipotent and Omniscient entity named God, often referred to as the Father who is the creator of the universe and anything inhabiting in it. The Christian worldview strongly emphasizes the importance of attaining oneness with God that can be accomplished through unconditional submission to Gods will and by leading a virtuous life (Ford, 2016). On the other hand, Buddhism does not acknowledge the presence of any external authority controlling the universe or influencing the destiny of mankind. This worldview however resembles Christianity as it also emphasizes the importance of compassion and empathy for fellow creatures. Although Buddhist worldview, unlike Christianity does not claim that a man should become a virtuous follower of God to lead a peaceful afterlife, it does state "Consider others as yourself (Turner, 2014)." The Christian worldview defines the concept of a self as a son of the Almighty, referred to as the Father. Although the body is mutable, the soul is imperishable and immortal which shares a tender and intimate relation with the external God, and this defines the concept of the self (Esqueda, 2014). The Buddhist worldview however does not rely on the concept of God for defining the self, and rather explains it in the light of five attributes- physical form, feelings, perceptions, intellectual activities such as volition, and consciousness. Since these components of the soul undergo transformation with every stage of life, Buddha believes in a temporary and ever-changing self, that just like the world is ever-changing (Park, 2017). The concept of an immortal should is dismissed here. The concept of self is important in defining the concept of suffering in both the worldviews. The Christian worldview believes that a man should lead a virtuous life as it will lead to Heaven and let him u nify with the Heavenly Father. Anyone who refuses to follow the virtuous life preached by Christ, will be subject to eternal damnation (Ryken, 2013). However, the Buddhist worldview believes regardless of anything, man will be subject to suffering and death, and the Four Noble Truths state that it is only through the extinction of desire or attachment that one can achieve the cessation of sufferings (Thanissaro Kulupana, 2015). While he self is subordinated to God in case of Christianity, the self play the ultimate role in attaining spiritual enlightenment and salvation in case of the Buddhist worldview. While Buddhism does not acknowledge the importance of adhering to any religious ritual, Christian worldview strongly recommends Communion and Baptism (Friesen, 2015). Buddha spoke of the Law of Karma where ones action, good or bad, will always have consequence that determine human destiny (Keown, 2016). The Christian worldview states that any kind of sin is the violation of the divine law and hence the offender is punished by the Almighty. While Buddhist worldview speaks of the cycle of birth and death, the Christian worldview negates the possibility of reincarnation. However, despite the differences in approach, both the worldviews recommend a selfless, virtuous life. Reference List: Esqueda, O. J. (2014). Biblical worldview: The Christian higher education foundation for learning.Christian Higher Education,13(2), 91-100. Ford, J. L. (2016). Buddhism, Christianity, and The Matrix: the dialectic of myth-making in contemporary cinema.Journal of Religion Film,4(2), 1. Friesen, J. G. (2015).Neo-Calvinism and Christian Theosophy: Franz von Baader, Abraham Kuyper, Herman Dooyeweerd. Keown, D. (2016).Buddhism and bioethics. Springer. Park, J. Y. (2017).Women and Buddhist Philosophy: Engaging Zen Master Kim Iry?p. University of Hawai'i Press. Ryken, P. G. (2013).Christian worldview: A student's guide. Crossway. Thanissaro, P. N., Kulupana, S. (2015). Buddhist teen worldview: some normative background for health professionals.Contemporary Buddhism,16(1), 28-42. Turner, A. (2014).Saving Buddhism: The impermanence of religion in colonial Burma. University of Hawai'i Press.

Rape Overview Essay Example For Students

Rape Overview Essay Rape, a horrible crime that scars thousands of females each year, it is such a traumatic experiences that it can leave physical and emotional scars for the rest of the victim’s life. â€Å"The Serial Rapist† that was written by Robert R Hazelwood, M.S. and Janet Warren, D.S.V. gives us a lot of valuable information to help us understand whom serial rapist, how they act, and how they choose their victims. Part 1 of The Serial Rapist the authors talk about the rapist’s characteristics and victims. In order to gather information for this book the authors interviewed 41 serials rapist, â€Å"rapist who rape ten or more women† as a group these 41 men were responsible for 837 sexual assaults and more than 400 attempted rapes. Through these interviews members of the NCAVC and selected FBI agents were able to come up with a list of demographics that would be necessary in trying to find out who serial rapist are. The first area of demographics discussed was age; th e sample consisted of 35 white males, 5 black males, and one Hispanic, at the time of the interview ages ranged from 22 to 55 years old with the average age being 33.5 years old. The estimated time of their first rape was 21.8, middle rape 25.8 and their last rape was 29 years old. The next area discussed was employment, 54% of the 37 responses claimed to have had a generally stable work history, 14%of the rapist claimed that their work history was unstable, and 3% claimed to be chronically unemployable. The type of employment positions held by the rapists might surprise you; they range from un- skilled positions to skilled positions and even white-collar businessmen. The majority of the rapists were employed at the time they were committing the assaults. Now, we move to the topic of marital history. Twenty-nine of the 41 rapists had been married at least once. 34% of them had been married more than once. This shows that the presence of a consensual sexual relationship is not direct ly related to whether a person commits rape. Military history also came to play in these interviews. 51% of the rapists had served in the armed forces, twenty of them were veterans out of that twenty 10 received an honorable discharge. The others received other then honorable discharge. Eight of the veterans were charged with a criminal offense while in the service. The serial rapist demonstrated an extraordinarily high level of general intelligence. Out of the 41 Rapist 4 scored below average, 12 average, 17 above average, nine scored â€Å"bright normal†, and 8 scored â€Å"very superior†. 61%of the 41 interviewed obtained a high school diploma or a GED, 22% held an associate or bachelors degree. At the time the majority of the offenses were committed most respondents were living in single family dwellings, a small amount lived in the apartments a smaller amount of the rapists were institutionalized at the time of their offense. The majority of those interviewed were living with family, spouses, or children at the time the crime committed. This dispels the popular myth that rapists are lone and isolated people who stay to themselves and have little or no contact with the outside world. The type of vehicles, which were driven at the time of the crime, may seem small to the average man, but it also helps us understand who serial rapists are. The majority of the assaults the rapists used their own vehicles. In seven of the rapes the offenders used the victims cars, while in six of the rapes a borrowed car was used. A Sedan or hard top vehicle was most popular followed by a pickup truck. Nine of the vehicles were equipped with police scanners, spotlight or police antenna.The FBI also considered the rapist personality valuable information. The majorities were neat, well groomed, sense of humor, very friendly, and tried to dominate their relationships. They were considered leaders not followers; some were not comfortable with this role. Thirty-seven of the forty-one rapists had hobbies, it varied from outdoor activities to music, reading and collecting coins and stamps. .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b , .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .postImageUrl , .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b , .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b:hover , .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b:visited , .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b:active { border:0!important; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b:active , .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud883e0aa2de30a9aeab72261812c9d4b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Effects of HIV Mutations on the Immune System Essay In conclusion, the research of serial rapists leads us to believe that the majority of the men who commit these horrible crimes are just like you and me. Their life took a drastic turn somewhere and they ended up committing these hideous crimes, therefore landing themselves in prison. It also proves that some of our misconception or stereotypes of rapist does not hold true according to the research conducted by Mr. Robert R, Hazelwood, M.S. and Mrs. Janet Warren, D.S.W. Bibliography:

Ptolemy Essays - Ancient Greek Mathematicians, Claudii,

Ptolemy Introduction In ancient times there were many great ideas which began to shape the way man perceived his environment. However, there were few minds who were able to put all of these ideas together. One of these minds belonged to Claudius Ptolemy, or just Ptolemy as he is commonly referred to. We know almost nothing of the chronology of Ptolemy's life, and we don't even know his birth or death dates. We do know, though, about his ideas in several fields, which include geography, astronomy, optics, astrology, music, and other topics. His most profound and lasting contributions came in the fields of geography and astronomy, where his two written works Geography and Almagest dominated the thinking on these subjects throughout ancient times and for many centuries to follow. To geographers, Geography represented a breakthrough in the spatial tradition of geography through Ptolemy's principles on cartography and the maps that were created from this. This will be reviewed as well as other aspects of Ptolemy's work that made him such a respected figure in the history of geography. Astronomy and Almagest It is important to mention the impact that Ptolemy had in the field of astronomy, as it allows us to understand the ideas that he was able to bring to geography. Ptolemy did his astronomical observations in Alexandria, Egypt, and it has been estimated by scholars that his findings were made in 150 AD After recording his observations and analyzing them, he incorporated them into a work that would be called the Almagest, which is a combined Greek and Latin term meaning "the greatest". Almagest is revered as one of the top astronomical works of all time, as it was a thirteen book mathematical treatment of the phenomena of astronomy. It contains a myriad of information ranging from earth conceptions to sun, moon, and star movement as well as eclipses and a breakdown on the length of months. Among his astronomical observations were the idea that the earth did not move, but rather it was the motionless center of the universe with the sun, moon, planets, and stars revolving around it. Another of Ptolemy's ideas was that the planets were closer to the earth than the stars, but farther away than the moon (which is true). These and other ideas were accepted as scientific fact for several centuries following the writing of Almagest. In fact, these ideas weren't changed or corrected until the findings of Copernicus in 1543. Geography Although we don't know if Geography was written before or after Almagest, it remains a trivial side note compared to geographical concepts presented in it that draw the interest of geographers. The introduction to Geography states what Ptolemy wants to accomplish, which includes an explanation of the principles of cartography such as giving coordinates to places around the world and geographic features as well as recommendations for making world and regional maps. He then starts his coverage of the world with Europe in Books 2 and 3. He goes on to cover Africa in Book 4 and covers Asia and summarizes his findings in Books 5-8. Geography included 26 colorized regional maps as well as one map of the "known world". Ptolemy stayed away from orthogonal (or cylindrical) world mapping in favor of three other projection types. He returns to orthogonal projection on some regional maps with dimensions based on mean latitude. The farthest point north on his map was Thule at 63 degrees north, while the farthest point south was the Agysimba and Prasum promontory east of Africa at 16 degrees, 25 minutes south. He measured the north-south length of the known world to be about 7392 kilometers or 4580 miles, while his east-west measurement was about 13,306 kilometers or 8250 miles. Geography held the same respect in the field of geography that Almagest had in astronomy. Geography was regarded as a complete and inerrant document on the subject of geography, and it dominated geographical theory until the Renaissance. The Almagest is now regarded as a better document than Geography scientifically. This is because the application of the concepts presented in Geography was substantially limited, although advances in geography theory were made. Actions After Geography Ptolemy's work has been discovered and used through the ages by several noted people around the world. Arabic writer al-Mas'udi, while writing around 956, mentioned a colored map of the Geography which had 4530 cities and over 200 mountains. Byzantine monk Maximus Planudes found a copy of the Geography in 1295, and since there were no maps in his copy, he

Physics The Domino Effect Lab Report Essays

Physics The Domino Effect Lab Report Essays Physics The Domino Effect Lab Report Paper Physics The Domino Effect Lab Report Paper Controlled Variable: The number of dominoes used (8 dominoes), the distance between the dominoes (2 CM), the loads used as the initial force applied on the amino (egg), the inclined plane used as a platform that will direct the load to hit the first domino (200), the stopwatch used to time the domino effect, the person using the stopwatch, the person releasing the metal weight from the top of the inclined plane, the ruler used to measure the distance between the dominoes. Equipment 1 Inclined Plane 1 (50 g) Metal Weight 4 x 8 (20 g) Metal weight 8 Dominoes (Nun Stacks) 1 Digital Mass Balance (i 0. 1 g) 1 Masking Tape 1 Protractor 1 Ruler 1 Stopwatch (Â ± 0. 01 s) -34290039687500Diagram Analysis of Variables Independent Variable: The mass of the dominoes will vary ranging from 12. 38 g to 82. 38 g. The increase between each of the variable will be constantly 20 g, to satisfy the range of the mass; the original mass of the domino is 12. 38 g, and an additional mass from a 20 g of load will be attached on top of the domino for every change in variable. Dependent Variable: In accordance to the mass for every variable, the time taken of the domino effect to be completed (1st hit to the 8th fall) will also differ. Therefore, the time taken of the domino effect will depend on the change of mass of the dominoes. A stopwatch will be utilized to record the time of the chain of falling dominoes. Controlled Variable: Identified Variables Possible Impact on Results Specific Method for Control Distance between each center point of domino (2 CM) If the distance between each center point of domino differs for every domino in each trial, the time taken of the falling effect will also differ. Making the distance between each domino the same will create the energy transfer from one domino to another domino to be the same as well. The energy transfer will take a certain time, therefore the stance between each domino must be kept constant so that the time taken will not be altered, thus creating a consistent and valid data. The distance between the dominoes (2 CM) will be measured with a 15 CM ruler. To ensure the exact placement of the domino, a masking tape will be used to mark the center point. Number of dominoes (8) The difference in the number of dominoes used for each trials will definitely affect the time taken to complete the domino effect. The greater the amount of dominoes used, the longer the time taken to complete the effect. Similarly, using a smaller amount of domino results in faster falling time. Thus using inconsistent number of dominoes will likely cause invalid comparison between data points to occur. 8 dominoes will be used for the entire experiment. Mass of the metal weight (500 g) If the mass of the metal weight is different, this will affect the initial force acting upon the domino, and ultimately this will increase or decrease the rate of the falling domino, or it might not even budge the dominoes at all. The same metal weight will be utilized for he entire experiment. Angle between the base and the inclined ramp (200) The angle of the ramp also impacts the placement of the metal weight that acts as the trigger to push the dominoes. If the angle of the ramp is not kept constant, the potential energy stored in the metal weight will be different, thus when it is set into motion, the force that will hit the domino will not be the same. This will then interfere the consistency of the data. The angle of 200 will be set by using a protractor. Type of inclined plane Even though friction is neglected in his experiment, by using a different type of inclined plane, the acceleration of the metal weight will be slightly modified, thus the initial force exerted by the metal weight on the domino will also be altered. The same wooden plane will be utilized for the entire experiment. Starting point of the metal weight If the starting point of the ball is inconsistent, the force applied on to the dominoes will also be inconsistent, thus altering the overall data. The place where the ball will be released will be marked by a masking tape. Placement of the dominoes In order to ensure that the domino effect will move smoothly without any obstruction, the dominoes must be placed neatly in a straight line. This will avoid interruption for the time taken for the domino effect to be completed. A ruler will be used to ensure that the dominoes are placed in a straight line. Digital Mass Balance Different digital measurement tools have different calibration. Therefore, it is a crucial aspect to use the same digital mass balance for every trial because this will help create a trend in the data that is accurate and precise.

Phil Company Limited Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Phil Company Limited - Essay Example The company belongs to the Electronics and Information technology industry. Currently, the company is owned by Phil Samuel, Dick Harry, and other eight partners. The company uses cutting edge technology in designing and manufacturing electronic products like television sets, microwaves, radios, computer hardware and cell phones. Phil has been in the electronic manufacturing industry for the last four years. Improved market share in both the domestic and international consumer environments is as a result of the company's performance and experience in the manufacturing process. Phil manufactures electronics based on orders placed by retailers in the market. The company’s total employee population stands at 2000, both in the US and Jamaican manufacturing sites. Phil’s Mission Statement Phil’s vision is to become the leading manufacturer and marketer of electronic products both in the US and all over the world. We strive to respond to the market demands and consumers ’ needs by adjusting appropriately to the technological dynamics prevailing in the industry. We are aiming at responding to consumers’ needs by considering the dynamics and fluctuations in the economic sector. The company’s financial objectives are to maximize profits, optimize the net worth, increase share value and plough back the earnings into initiating wealth growth. Phil works towards providing excellent and outstanding services in terms of product and service qualities. The company will stick to the ethical code of conduct at all times and strive to perform their social responsibilities in one heart (Philip & Michael, 2009). Potential International Market Africa is one of the potential foreign markets for the company’s electronic products. In the recent past, African countries have come to embrace information technology products in their markets. International market research statistics shows that Africa is the leading market of electronic products in the world. In addition, the political systems in the continent have improved over the past years. Most nations in Africa have a functioning democratic government. Therefore, this market has a favorable political climate. African countries are highly populated. Therefore, the high population signifies a potentially large market for the company’s products. Moreover, African nations are at the stage of discovering and mining their natural resources like oil and other minerals. This has improved their macro-economic aspects of living standards and employment rates. Therefore, a substantial percentage of the continent’s population has a high purchasing power. These factors make the continent a potential market segment for the company’s products (Philip & Michael, 2009). Marketing Plan Audience The general public and the shareholders are the potential audiences for the company’s marketing plan. Since the company belongs to 10 individuals, it would be approp riate to supplement a marketing plan to  these stakeholders. In addition, government authorities and financial institutions are the other potential audience of the marketing plan. All these three audiences have different needs concerning the contents of the marketing plan. The disparity in their needs is as a result of the different roles played by the three parties during the implementation of the plan. In this case, the ten shareholders need to evaluate the feasibility of the identified segment in terms of profits from the market (Dennis, 2010). In addition, the shareholders want to

Leadership and management 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership and management 2 - Essay Example Purpose and Requirements of Commissioning for GP Consortia in the NHS The purpose and requirements of commissioning of GP Consortia in NHS is as follows: 1. The main objective of GP Consortia Commissioning is to ensure that the design and structure of the health system is unique and innovative and different (Doctors.net.uk, 2011). 2. The Commissioning calls for the designing a healthcare system, which would revolve around the needs and requirements of the patients (Doctors.net.uk, 2011). 3. It also ensures that the NHS resources are properly utilized. Principles and Practice of Commissioning in the NHS Commissioning in the NHS is considered a method and approach, which concentrates on delivering healthcare facilities and services to the general population. Furthermore, the approach is based on the needs and requirements of the patient. The process of commissioning is considered to be â€Å"complex process with responsibilities ranging from assessing population needs, prioritizing he alth outcomes, procuring products and services, and managing service providers† (Department of Health Website, 2011).  Ã‚  In simple terms, commission in the NHS is considered to be the procedure and a methodology, which concentrates on delivery of healthcare resources to the general public. The principles of Commissioning in the NHS are as follows: 1. ... 5. â€Å"Using commissioning not just to retain existing services or commission new ones but, where necessary, to decommission services which are inefficient, ineffective, inequitable or unsustainable† (GP Commissioning Consortia, 2010). 6. Striving for constant and ongoing improvement and enhancement in the healthcare system. 7. Ensuring that performance of the healthcare system is enhanced and improved. Commissioning Process in the NHS The first step is to understand the process of commissioning in the NHS. The Commissioning process in the NHS calls for identification and recognition of the intended healthcare outcomes. Furthermore, it calls for meeting the needs and demands of the general public along with proper utilization of resources and priorities (Department of Health Website, 2011). For this purpose, it is essential to identify the needs and requirements of the public. Healthcare providers are considered to be the main providers of information and knowledge in the st age of understanding. Based on their perspective, services and facilities are designed in accordance to the need and requirements of the public. After the identification of needs and requirements, it is essential to make an assessment. The process of assessment concentrates on delivering services in an effective manner, opting for the best and sustainable option (GP Commissioning Consortia, 2010). The next step calls for the implementation of the commissioning strategies and ensuring that the resources are utilized in a proper way. After the implementation of commissioning strategies, it is essential to review and report the intended outcomes. How a Medical Practice can become Part of a Practice

Portrait Photography Survey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Portrait Photography Survey - Essay Example Markets of portrait photography include restaurants, taverns, stores and business premises. These organizations use portrait photos to reach out to their consumers (Kelby 36). This is because portrait photos are more appealing and conspicuous to motorists, pedestrians and other road users as they are normally attractive. Portrait photographers make money by making saleable portraits which they sale them to businesses which use them for advertisement purposes their websites and in local television programs. On the other hand portrait photographers make sales when they are hired to make photo shoots in institutions’ events such as graduations and in special occasions such as in church weddings. Requirements of a portrait photography business is photography equipment which should be modest, several pieces of cloth for backdrop ,lenses with good magnification, some sources of light and a tripod stand (Wilsh 47). These equipments should be of lightest weight so as to make them more portable thereby easing movement. Portrait photography has undergone a list of trends over the past years. A few decades ago, images were in a black and white portrays, that evolved to hand coloring pencils then to hand coloring paints. Currently, images are taken using digital cameras, which produce neat colored photographs. These advancements are attributed to progress in the new technology which has been given abreast. Location of portrait photography is mostly influenced by the subject; this is the intention of the photographer. If the intended expression involves environmental aspects like natural features, then a rain forest would be the best location. However if the photographer is new to the business then simplicity should guide him or her. He/she should look for the simplest places. To enhance more effects, studio photographers should concentrate more on improving the background of the

Pros and Cons of the Reformation

Pros and Cons of the Reformation Pros and cons of the reformation The middle of the 1400s was period of dramatic change, marked with end of the age of chivalry as new forms of weapon were produced and a utilization of gunpowder transformed the traditional concept of knights in shining armor. Consequentially, the hierarchy of the nobility became unstable, their supremacy no longer marked by their ability to bear arms and defend their homeland. Within the same period, the supremacy of the upper-class took another blow when the printing press was invented, allowing more of the population to acquire the written word, now attainable and affordable. However, with these new developments into the proceeding centuries, the availability of copies of the Holy Bible and an increase in Church sandal led to an age of extreme superstition. In order to confront these issues and cope with the changing world, figures Martin Luther and John Calvin took noteworthy action within what is now known as the Protestant Reformation. Peaking in the 1500s, an overzealous church showed prominent internal problems. First, with the new translations of Scripture available, people began to take the Bible seriously again. However, bad translations or interpretations, such as in the case of Joshua slaughtering the Canaanites, made some readers believe that that would be allowable in their time as well (Joshua 10:40). Due to this ____, the Church began to think that the text was too dangerous and full of misunderstanding, necessitating a control of information given to the masses. Along those lines, the papacy decided that, as successors to Peter, no one would have the authority to question their authority since they have been divinely appointed. Since their power presumably comes from a special connection to God, authorities within the church used their positions to abuse that power. The most noticeable abuses of power were in not keeping with the code of the religious position, such as forgoing chastity in order to have ___ sexual relations, or placing relatives into positions of power. The most infamous corruption of this time was the Church stealing patrons’ money through indulgences, a remission of punishments for sins and forgiveness of its guilt through payment. Tetzel’s Sermon pg19 Church had religious, cultural, political, and economic power â€Å"The pope can do all things God can do.† Nicolaus de Tudeschis[1386-1445], famous Benedictine canonist and abbot,in â€Å"Commentaria† (lvi, 34) Therefore, in this time, religious faithful had a conception that God can be bribed for redemption. For fear of eternal damnation, people paid money to the Church in exchange for absolution of their sins, or those of their relatives, allowing entry into Heaven. Based on an idea similar to â€Å"Jesus offering Himself to appease His angry father,† the Church cashed in on the surplus of sins in their communities (Ranasinghe). However, with that thought, Martin Luther emerged with a counter argument, proposing that the death of Jesus is worth infinitely more than any human sin, so, with His supreme offering, the Church should not need any of the congregation’s money involved. In 1517, Luther wrote a letter to Archbishop Albert of Brandenburg, which included a copy of his 95 Theses, protests against clerical abuses of power such as the practice of indulgences. In the letter, Luther suggests that this sale of reconciliation and buying one’s way out of â€Å"all punishment and guilt† must have occurred without Albert’s â€Å"knowledge and consent,† hoping that reform may come from within the Church (26; 27). Perhaps starting the Protestant Reformation with his Theses, Luther’s small attempts at reforming the church quickly exploded into a revolution out of his control. In addition to challenging the church’s practice of selling indulgences, Luther proposed that Biblical Scripture should become its own sole authority, not determined by a church official such as the pope. Therefore, faith became more important than good works, advising that humans cannot become good people or pleasing in the eyes of the Lord by performing virtuous actions. Rather, Luther created a new view of God entirely, rather than the old church’s blasphemous conception of one that can be bribed. According to Luther, humans are subordinate to an angry God, due to Original Sin. Only able to be saved by God’s grace, the core of human sinfulness comes from the natural seeking of happiness, a sure sign of human depravity. Since trying to construct our own happiness and not turning to God, the only way to become a virtuous person is to realize that you are not capable of virtue and thereby dependent on God alone. Living on earth, children of God must observe human laws but know that they can never be just or worthy in His eyes. Crying out from the depths of human depravity, humans cannot know themselves as anything other than sinners ruled by their passions and vices. Both in the Bible and in the writings of Augustine, Luther agrees Christ would have â€Å"died in vain† if man were capable of virtue (Galatians 2:21). In order to remind ourselves of our sinfulness, the purpose of human laws and rulers is to make it impossible to maintain a clear conscience. Making humans feel guilty and aware of their own wickedness, Luther wanted to keep the faithful away from the dangerous illusion that they can live apart from God and remind them of how unworthy they are, so in no way capable of buying their way into Heaven. While Luther was a reformer, his ideas quickly had a life of their own, exploding and creating a revolutionary situation. People had uncontrollably angry reactions against the excesses of the Church, breaking the stained glass and destroying anything that spoke merely of the beauty of God. Thus, John Calvin constructed a new system out of the explosion, similarly whitewashing walls of the churchs and putting some pieces back together, transforming protestant Christianity into a reformed church based upon ideas of Luther. Calvin’s teachings were slightly different from Luther’s but maintained the same Protestant thought. He taught that human existence depends on God, predisposing an existence of a Creator and implying that the world is not of our own making. Therefore, under an omnipotent God, Calvin believed in predestination, a â€Å"doctrine† that God had pre-established and divinely ordered everything and that nothing, except perhaps God, can change it. Consequently, if a man is considered a good person, it is because he has been selected, out of everyone, by God to be good. Similarly, if he had been chosen to go to Hell, he is able to choose how to get there, but he cannot turn around and choose God, since God must choose him, a ___ called irresistible grace. Unable to deny or resist God’s Will, chosen or not, God’s foreknowledge also implies a state of limited atonement, where not all were â€Å"created on equal terms† and that Jesus died for the select few, not the many (219; 220). Pg 213-254 Good works are an evidence of faith and chosen-ness, works + faith = chosen (opp. Luther) We are unable to know the will of God; human curiosity, questioning is wicked â€Å"let us abstain from the search of knowledge , to which it is foolish as well as perilous and even fatal to aspire† (217) Church decides what is in the Bible, so turn to the Church for answers Luther doesn’t believe you need church, you can read Scripture for yourself Calvin: Scripture has authority, exists prior to the church (in the beginning was the word†¦and the word was with god) Church doesn’t form scripture, scripture forms the church, continually educates it Script. Is timeless, story progresses, conception of God gets increasingly sophisticated as people grow in faith, over lifetime Continually refined over course of history Scripture is an illustration, not a divine work†¦it contains divine Word, but the object itself isn’t divine. Words point beyond itself, reminder of something more important but not sacred itself (meaning > words) Pros of their actions Free thought, authority of word called into question Think for themselves now, interpret (Bible loses sacredness) Luther – believed that Bible has meaning that should be available to/understood by any intelligible person Calvin – scripture = interaction between human and mind of God through written text, interpretation allowed since word isn’t divine/only represents divine Set stage for future ages of reason, challenging authority Lessened power of the corrupt within the church Shut down monastaries, suspicious of stealing money, friars getting into mischief at nunneries (brothels) – Luther allowed priests/nuns to marry World changing view: nothing special about priests, mass (can be meaningful but not literal and blasphemous) Stopped the stealing of money, exposed the scandal of indulgences Patience for change – don’t cause a scandal with brash actions, restrain/reformation is exploding Calvin: human improvement is possible through divinely established institutions (scripture) Connects state, human community – live according to deeper understanding of word of God Cons Caused many wars, deaths (30 years’ war) Multitude of Protestant denominations that don’t agree on interpretations Luther picking and choosing what he wanted them to read Anti-semitism, pg 137-142 Pg. 140: sharp mercy like a physician Jews are source of lies, stubborn in scorn/contempt Pg. 66, September Bible/Luther’s preface Opposed to James’ Epistle†¦he chooses what’s good/isn’t Making sure they read it through his eyes More interested in OT, Gospel of John in NT Leave out stories of works, preachings Just wants Jesus, commitment to Word of God, not to His works/miracles (faith > works) Pro: Jesus also didn’t want people just following Him for his miracles Luther, not interested in humanity of Jesus. Humanity is inherently evil, selfish We’re all sinners in the hands of an angry God People think that bible in infallible Problem of the bible Old church was afraid people would understand/misinterpret parts of the bible (Solomon’s 700 wives) Luther insists that it is the exact word of God, not interpretations/metaphors â€Å"Proper christian attitude toward authority† We’re meant to suffer – state should contain our appetites, desires, manage our human sinfulness We can’t know ourselves, since we’re too sinful to know Rulers can know, mold us because they’re ordained Punishment, suffering makes us more virtuous, obedient à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   more humble Break you to reshape you, they know what’s good for us Trapped by form of reasoning, trying to control spiritual things by making them objects we can control Symptomatic of fallen-ness of humans Christians are free in one sense but slaves in another â€Å"mouths are gagged, soul is free† Tension with the problem of slavery – page 117 It’s okay because it’s in the Bible (Abraham) – â€Å"carnal† problem, soul is still free/Christian liberty Why we need to be ruled = make us unhappy, kill the illusion that we can be happy without God = only through suffering do we become virtuous A good ruler is a wicked ruler Show us how fallen, depraved, sinful our nature of humanity is No definite conclusion, a lot of good but a lot of monstrous evil as well Happiness understood in terms of unhappiness Unhappier we are, happier we can be Paradox: still seeking happiness by being unhappy Viscous cycle, divided against ourselves: I am a sinner, I don’t expect to be saved so I will be saved Understandings of God Old church: angry god that can be bribed with indulgences, not good works or faith Luther: angry god, focus on condemnation (like in the OT), God is merciless, can’t change destiny of our human sinfulness Erasmus: loving, forgiveness, humor, humility; human foolishness We hold upon this earth the place of God Almighty Pope Leo XIII Encyclical Letter of June 20, 1894 â€Å"Wherefore, thou seest that after the book hath gone forth through the hands of the great and abominable church, that there are many plain and precious things taken away from the book, which is the book of the Lamb of God,† (1 Nephi 13:28). The Pope is not only the representative of Jesus Christ, he is Jesus Christ himself, hidden under the veil of flesh. Catholic National July 1895. (Ranasinghe 1/28/14) http://www.trueorthodoxy.org/heretics_roman_catholics_pope_as_christ.shtml

Prejudice in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Essay -- Examining Pr

Prejudices are most difficult to eradicate from the heart whose soil has never been loosened or fertilized by education: they grow there, firm as weeds among stones. CHARLOTTE BRONTE, Jane Eyre Prejudice is something which has affected everyone at one time or another. It is like looking out a frosted window and not seeing a clear picture. When people look through a frosted window they sometimes see a blurred vision of the world outside. Sometimes we see people as very different from ourselves when really they are just a very little bit different from us. We can even see someone as an enemy instead of for who they really are. These narrow minded views in our society are prevalent, even though most of the time they are incorrect. To Kill a Mockingbird expresses many diverse pictures of prejudice; the situations also show that prejudice can be conquered. Aunt Alexandra will not allow Scout to play with Walter Cunningham because he is a poor boy. Aunt Alexandra shows her prejudice by not letting Scout play with someone of a lower social status "they're good folk...

Germans and people Essay

From the very days of the establishment of Republic in Germany after WW-I, Germany lacked stability. Its foreign policy was not appreciated by Germans and people believed that the Republic was responsible for the humiliation that was meted to Germany after the war. Republic also failed to assert itself strongly in the international affairs. Added to this the great world-wide depression (1929) badly hit Germany, which was already passing through acute economic crisis. Germans felt greatly worried and disillusioned. It was at this state of economic affairs of Germany, that Hitler rose to prominence by his party ‘NAZI’. [more in the third page on Hitler’s Nazism]. RISE OF FASCISM Out of chaos and disorder, fascist party emerged with Mussolini as its leader. The Fascists wore black shirts as uniform and drilled themselves in the military companies. The found a secret organization by name ‘carbonary’ to spread nationalist ideas. The principles of fascism [a] opposed democracy, socialism and liberalism. [b]It placed the interests of the nation above all interests. [c]It deprived capitalists of all their wealth and also prohibited the labourers to go on strike. [d]they believed that their race was the most superior race in the world. They did not believe in peace. They advocated that â€Å"War to a nation what maternity is to women†. RISE OF IMPERIALISM Imperialism is a form of exploitation of one nation by another mainly for two purposes. The first being for industrial purposes and secondly aggressive nationalism. Japan attained victory over Manchuria in 1931 and started systematic conquests of mainlands in China. MILITARY PREPARATIONS Compulsory military education was introduced by Japan, Germany and Italy. Russia gathered war planes, military troops and mechanized army. FAILURE OF LEAGUE OF NATIONS The league failed to stop the race for arms while Germany and Japan did not respect the principles of League. Born in Austria in 1889, he was a great orator and public speaker. He opposed parliamentary system after being upset by Treaty of Versailles. His book ‘Mein Kamf’ became a sort of Nazi Bible. All those who opposed him were hunted out of the country or lead to the gallows. After the post of Chancellor, he declared himself as dictator of Germany and rose to power of prominence admist of Germans economic crisis. Hitler’s imperialistic devices caused tensions in the world and became responsible for another World War. MUSSOLINI Mussolini was born 1883. He started his political career as a socialist agitator. He advocated anti-communist ideas. His fascist party was supported by industrialists. Mussolini joined hands with Hitler and signed an anti-communist pact and thus caused the outbreak of World War-II. Finally he was killed by his own people and fascism came to an end. SPAIN WAR and JAPAN’s attack on Pearl Harbour infuriated another Super Power America and promulgated the outbreak of WW-II.

Hail Macbeth Essay

Hail Macbeth Essay Hail Macbeth Essay Macbeth The character of Macbeth is one of the most prominent and notorious personalities ever featured in any one of Shakespeare’s plays. Commonly labelled as a ‘tragic hero’, which is often made reference to in the play â€Å"For Brave Macbeth, well he deserves that name†, Macbeth is the perfect example of a man who is neither totally good nor totally evil and who finds himself caught up in a serious situation as a result of both psychological weakness and error in judgement. His gradual mental decline and ill-fated journey from well regarded, loyal soldier to corrupt, power hungry mad man makes him a character difficult to sympathize with. Yet audiences to this day find themselves fascinated with the inner workings of his chaotic mind, his initial reluctance to act on his powerful desire to become king and the way in which he is so severely pressured by Lady Macbeth into committing a deed which will ultimately lead to his untimely demise. The influence of the supernatural can be seen as the ‘beginning of the end’ for Macbeth. â€Å"All hail Macbeth, hail to thee, Thane of Glamis. All hail Macbeth, hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor. All hail Macbeth, that shalt be king thereafter† are three infamous lines spoken by the three witches which cause Macbeth to become trusting in fate and allow his yearning to become king overpower the reality of the situation. Being quite an ambitious man, Macbeth does not initially think to question the witch’s theories or the reasons behind why they are revealing this information to him. This selfish, unchecked ambition to rule is what triggers the evil intent in Macbeth and therefore his downfall. Macbeth’s unorthodox relationship with his wife, Lady Macbeth, is a major point of interest throughout the play. To friends, Macbeth is perceived as a great leader and dedicated soldier who would give up his life to protect his country, but when in the company of his wife, her power and influence over him is immense. Lady Macbeth’s desperation to become Queen of Scotland and her over-confidence about their plan causes Macbeth to commit to it without thinking of the severe consequences attached. In Lady Macbeth’s somewhat dramatic soliloquy in Act 1, Scene VII, she cruelly taunts Macbeth by questioning his manhood and will power, â€Å"which thou esteem’st the ornament of life, and live a coward in thine own esteem†. This is the final straw for Macbeth and from thereafter he becomes a man blinded by foolish ambition, a tyrant who will stop at nothing until he reaches his goal. Macbeth’s strong aspiration to become King of Scotland yet his unwillingness to fulfil the witches’ prophecies is the cause for the fierce internal conflict which occurs within him throughout the play. After receiving the witches prophecies, he is left unsure of what path to take and is caught between what he knows is morally right and the opportunity to have all of his wishes come true. Shakespeare uses these predictions to showcase Macbeth’s mental struggle between chance and fate and once the

Kim’s Writing Process Timeline Essay Example

Kim’s Writing Process Timeline Essay Example Kim’s Writing Process Timeline Essay Kim’s Writing Process Timeline Essay The internet is a handy resource to everyone, especially the student who has a full educational schedule and a busy life outside of the academic arena.   It is also helpful to professional educators and parents of students.   However, along with all of the valid resources on the internet there is an equal amount of invalid material.   The users of the internet need to be able to evaluate a website and determine the accuracy of a site.   Kim’s Korner for Teacher Talk is a website that was developed by educator, Kim Steele and even though it states that it is for everyone of all ages, (Steele) the target audience is parents, students, and other teachers.   Through this website, it will be explained how a website should be evaluated for its validity. Kim’s Korner for Teacher Talk has a page that is the writing process and a timeline that she uses with her students to make sure that they are on task. She understands that â€Å"Writing is a process, not merely a product.† (OWL)   Her students accumulate points for each step of the process and they have a time frame in which they must complete their work.   The objective for creating the timeline is to keep her students focused and to make sure that writing is not difficult and overwhelming.   By dividing the assignment into stages, a student will realize quickly if there is a problem with the topic chosen for the writing assignment. The sample timeline offers nine steps during the writing process. Understanding process helps us recognize where a student writer is in his or her process and offer help appropriate to that phase. (Trupe).   Kim states that the website is for all ages, but it seems to be geared toward elementary students because of the graphics that she uses.   With some tweaking, the timeline could be used for any educational level.   The first thing one would want to do if he/she were using this with older students is to remove the graphics, and perhaps using diction that is more academic. The timeline that is designed by Kim is geared to allow students to have a time frame in which steps in the writing process are due and when the final draft is due.   To many students this would be beneficial.   The student who procrastinates can obviously understand that he/she cannot delay the assignment until the night before the final draft is due.   It would also assure the teacher that all of the steps are used by the student.   Many times students will delay doing their assignment and they will rush through it at the last minute.   This often times leads to poor quality work.   If the teacher uses the timeline, he/she will be assured that this will not happen. Good writing habits do not just happen.   They must be practiced like a sport or musical instrument.   The longer one practices, the better he/she becomes at the task.   If the teacher uses this timeline for a long period of time, the student will eventually internalize the writing process so that in later on when the student is no longer in the class of the teacher using it, he/she will automatically go through the steps of the writing process.   This is a useful tool for the teacher to share his/her own writing experiences.   He/She should be able to discuss how he/she has benefited from using the writing process.   A child believes a teacher has no life beyond the classroom. A teacher is the face in the front of the room, the person who hands out assignments and issues grades. Where she came from, or how she got there, doesnt register. (Hallman) Another positive aspect of the timeline is that the teacher is involved in each step.   He/She should be checking the assignment at each due date which will guarantee that the students are accurate in what they are doing for the assignment.   If there are problems, the teacher can intervene early on instead of catching the problem at the very end.   If a conversational tone is used with the student, then h/she will not feel threatened or intimidated. How can teachers view writing assessment as a conversation? First, pay attention to what goes on in your mind as you read students writing, and articulate those reactions; give each student your experience of reading her or his paper. As students respond to your reactions, you might find that your interpretation and suggestions change. Be open to each writers purposes, experiences, and personality, using everything you know about that person and yourself as a reader.   (Wilson) This would be frustrating to a student who had put a lot of time into an assignment that was not acceptable.   The student would then loose points for the daily assignments as well as many points on the final draft.   That would lead to failure and frustration for the student.   However, the timeline would alert the teacher to the problem while it was a small one instead of a huge one. The timeline includes a two brainstorming sessions which is a positive aspect for the students.   The first brainstorming session would allow for the student to choose a topic.   Many times this is the hardest step.   Almost everyone has at one time or another stared at a blank piece of paper or computer screen for a long time because he/she is utterly clueless about which topic to choose.   The first brainstorming session would insure that this did not happen to the students.   The second session of brainstorming would aid the students in narrowing their topic.   There are many times that students will choose a topic that is too broad.   When a topic is broad, it would take enough information to fill a book to cover it.   Instead, this second brainstorming session, with the help of graphic organizers, would alleviate the problem. Once the first draft is written, there is an opportunity for revising for coherence, writing a second draft, and editing for usage and mechanics.   These steps might seem time consuming, but in the long run they are beneficial.   Students’ final drafts will be much better if these steps are followed.   Ã‚  Peer revision for coherence is used after the first draft is written. The process of student self-assessment through rubrics can be enhanced with peer assessment and teacher feedback, of course. (Andrade).   This step allows another student to read the assignment for clarity.   Using peers for this evaluation is actually better than a teacher because the peer is the targeted audience therefore, less biased.   The student can then understand where there is no clarity and he/she then revises the assignment by writing the second draft.   The paper then goes through peer editing to check for usage and mechanic problems with the paper.   This is done separately fr om the first peer conference so that the student can concentrate on one area at a time and so that the writer is not overwhelmed with the number of mistakes found on the paper.   The student should also use self-assessment during the peer revision and editing steps.   Even though the peer is useful in giving objective criticism, the peer is also a student like the writer. During self-assessment, students reflect on the quality of their work, judge the degree to which it reflects explicitly stated goals or criteria, and revise. Self-assessment is formative - students assess works in progress to find ways to improve their performance. Self-evaluation, in contrast, is summative - it involves students giving themselves a grade (Andrade) Even though the writing process designed and used by Kim is beneficial for most students, there are some that it would hinder success.   While it would greatly help a student with an attention deficit disorder because the student would not be focused on one aspect of the writing process for a long time, it could be overwhelming to a student who has other learning disabilities.   When a student has a learning disability in written expression sees the amount of time that he/she will be working on a task that is a disability to him/her, then the student is likely to give up before he/she even starts the assignment.   It would also frustrate that student to see that so many points were allotted to an assignment that is already difficult for him/her.   Embarrassment is another problem when it comes to peer revision and editing.   For a student with no learning disability, the chance that his/her paper is not totally full of mistakes is not a problem.   However, the student wit h a problem in written expression would see peer revision and editing in a totally different light.   Not only would the embarrassment frustrate the student, but the time constraints could be a horrible blow.   The only way that the writing process timeline could work with this student would be if the due dates were revised for that student. After closely analyzing the website Kim’s Korner for Teacher Talk, the conclusion is that the website is a positive one and the information presented would be of great benefit for most teachers.   However, the students with learning disabilities in written expression should be taken into account.   If the teacher forgets about these students and does not make major adjustments to the writing process timeline, these students will be doomed for failure.

China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

China - Essay Example country was changing.  Radical restructuring of the economy has become an objective necessity â€Å"since the 1970s when they started shifting to a postindustrial service-based economic structure (in part as a reaction to earlier oil price shocks in the 1970s).†Ã‚  (Winters and Yusuf 150). Beginning late in 1978, the reform was fully developed after the XII Congress of the Chinese Communist Party  (1982) and strengthened its position as a result of the decisions of the XIV Congress (1992).  Important milestones were the XIII Congress (1987), which gave a detailed interpretation of the initial stage of socialism theory and the XIV Congress, which decided that the reform is to create a socialist market economic system with Chinese specifics. The main objective in the domestic politics of China became the recovery of productive forces through a set of market type economic reforms.  Strategically far-sighted was the decision of the Chinese leaders about gradual implementation of reforms, taking into account national specifics, according to folk wisdom - Crossing the River by Feeling for Stones. In 1979 – 1983, the interim target of the reform was to complement the command economy, which was still predominant, with market regulations under state control.  Practice of the transformations’ start-up phase included expansion of enterprises’ economic independence, creation of special economic zones, recovery of individual and collective structures in the economy, the first attempts to introduce market principles in pricing and sales of engineering products and household goods which had no ratios.  The biggest breakthrough was the elimination of the former ineffective system of rural people’s co mmunes. The new economic model included the following: 1) complete economic independence of enterprises; 2) replacement of directive planning by guiding; 3) free, under state regulatory functions, buy and sell of consumer goods and means of production; 4) creation of the

This paper is about African Art. Topic is free to choose anything Research

This is about African Art. Topic is free to choose anything about African Art but should focus on one form or practice of - Research Paper Example Art plays play vital roles in the human lives as it communicates, entertains, a source of income, express the mood in the society, differentiate as far as culture and practices are concerned. Art could also be used to add aesthetic values to our infrastructure, automobiles and clothing among others. Art can attract foreigners from different corners of the world to a specific destination, for instance, a majority of Europeans and other parts of the developed nations travel to Africa just to have a real feel of the African art. They enjoy the African dances, songs, sculptures and paintings among other elements of Art. This discourse is about the unique architecture of the Egyptian’s pyramids as a form of visual art. The Egyptian’s pyramids are some of the most unique and valuable art in Africa. It is divided into various categories depending on the origin (Smyth 2013). The beauty of the pyramids is not only attributed to the structures but other features included in them. For instance, Egyptian’s pyramids have relief sculptures as well as produced wall paintings among other refreshing features. Some of the sculptures in the pyramids include the famous obelisks and the sphinx statues among others (Arnold, 2010). Talking of the Egyptian’s pyramids without the mention of the ancient Egypt history is regarded as incomplete. The ancient Egypt was characterized by desert and dry grassland climates. This could explain why the native Egyptians had to employ some desert features like the sand dunes to construct their structures. They could place huge obstacles in the open fields to trap dust and this marked the foundation or the beginning of their unique constructions. Mesopotamia was one of the ancient towns and it developed due to its two rivers namely Tigris and Euphrates. It’s believed that the two rivers contributed huge to the civilization in the region, as it supported trade and transport from foreigners from neighbouring cities l ike China and India. The two rivers also provided for the construction of the Egyptian’s ancient structures. The two rivers also provided water for agriculture among other domestic and commercial uses. The ancient Egypt was governed by the elite class called the monarch. It comprised by of the top ranked priests among other officials. The middle class was left to the merchants, tradesmen and clergy among others. The final low class was the slaves who were forced by their masters to toil in the agricultural fields and construction labourers. They were Israelites who were once welcomed in the country, but the changes in the monarchy changed their general hospitality in the country. Egyptian’s pyramids with the sculpture of god of the sun Sun baked bricks were the main construction material in the ancient Egypt. The bricks were moulded from the rich Nile River clay then left to dry in the natural sun. However, structure for the top monarch leaders were constructed from th e stones. The country is rich in limestone except the agricultural rich Mesopotamia. The unique exterior walls are carefully to either slope gently or stand vertical. The ancient architecture arrived at the flat roofs due the fact that the country was basically a desert; hence no major rain was expected. The roofs are structurally supported by well constructed beams and columns, both made from clay. The ancient buildings have the native

Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Crisis - Essay Example TESCO'S has garnered a big share of the retail industry market. But complaints have been lodged by competing stores for government to make an inquiry into its bully boy tactics. Tesco with over 180 stores in England is offering up to 40% discounts to its present and prospective customers. The stores affected are Asda and Yorkshire's chain Proudfoot. Tesco uses its vast Clubcard database to give it access to detailed information about shoppers that no other retailer can match. (Harrison & Enz,Hospitality Strategic Management,p145,USA,John Wiley & Sons,2005) It also owns a controlling stake in an information company, Dunnhumby, which sells data to third parties. Sales of Tesco has increased due to this strategy. "Calls for an end to Tesco's bully-boy tactics have grown too loud to ignore " this result to a call of full scale competition inquiry by govt. Elsewhere, Lee Scott, the president of Wal-Mart, which owns Asda, has called for government intervention to halt Tesco's rapid growth on the grounds that it is increasingly hard to compete. Sainsbury's chief executive, Justin King, has demanded changes to stop Tesco's market share "climbing to 40% in short order". Ref: Julia Finch Saturday November 12, 2005 The Guardian COMMENT: This is another way of Macro strategy where the competitors ask government to intervene since Tesco is playing fair as their market share has been decreased and many smaller stores have closed up. In business, only the losers complain. The customers go to Tesco because of its lower prices. SAINSBURY'S has made public its first loss after many years of being one of the leaders in the supermarket industry in England. Its current loss of 38m pounds is a big disparity between its last year's 323m pounds. Sainsbury's, which last month was at the centre of takeover speculation, is struggling to turn itself around. It has been the subject of takeover by its competitor Asda. The main cause is that they have not filled up their stores shelves in time because they had not estimated the sales output. This Micro strategy has been rectified by its chief executive ,Justin King. Its stock market shares increased due to the new moves of it chief executive. "Sainsbury's chief executive Justin King recently admitted the firm had been failing to properly stock its shelves after struggling with faulty distribution systems. A reorganization of the business under Mr. King has already cost it 400m. However, he said the company was now aware of where it had gone wrong in the past and was work ing hard to try to put things right." Now, the shop has been opened again to regain its original foothold as one of the leading markets in England. It has also added additional product lines. Sainsbury's chairman Philip Hampton said he believed the retailer had the building blocks in place to achieve a turnaround. SAINSBURY'S key strategy: increase product quality, lower prices, improve product availability . Once the UK's biggest supermarket chain, Sainsbury's has since been overtaken by both Tesco and Asda. REFERENCE: (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4018407.stm)] General Electric's

What caused the dust bowl Essay Example for Free

What caused the dust bowl Essay In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson purchased the territory of Louisiana from the French government for $15 million. The Louisiana Purchase stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from Canada to New Orleans, and it doubled the size of the United States and there was more to go. Thanks to the Louisiana purchased U.S. has gotten a better geographic, economic, social, and political stable. There was more land for the population to stretch out. More gold to be mine. Better education for the poverty. And finally there are the Democratic and Republican parties that change the political side of view. To begin the main thing that changed the U.S. when Louisiana was purchased was the new geographic of U.S. This was a really good thing for farmers and agriculture, and a lot of settlers found opportunities in the new land. There were more states for people to move into them. Also another good thing was that there were more railroads for transportation. One negative fact about people going to the west was that the Native Americans were losing their territory, and fighting each other for the least territory there was left. Another terrific victory about the Louisiana Purchase was the boost of economic that was improving. There were so many things happening at the same time when people were moving to the west. There were lots of inventions being made like the Steamboat, the Telegraph, the Steam Locomotive and many more. Another good thing that helps the economic was the gold rush in California 1841. Also industrialization affected the economic because goods began to be machine made rather than hand made. And finally there was the agriculture economic were there was lots of plantation of cotton and lots of invention for the farmers. Finally the westward expansion affected the U.S. in political views. One thing that U.S. got affected politically was that later on comes the civil war when states try to separate. Another way was slaves tried to escape from their owners. Also during that time Andrew Jackson becomes president. Andrew became a famous president by not following rules like the constitution and by adding Florida to the U.S. Finally the Democratic and Republican parties are invented.

Computer Service and Upgrade :: Business Plans Proposals

Computer Service and Upgrade World has not been the same since the invention of a smart machine called a computer. These days, computer has become an irreplaceable tool for human from manufacturing to online banking. People use computers to do various tasks and enjoy leisure times such as playing games, scheduling agenda, communicating via webcam, sharing files, and many others. Thus with the increasing use of computers, the possibility of having problems with computers becomes naturally higher. For instance, your computer can be easily infected with a virus program through insecure internet connection or your computer can even crashed frequently by some unknown reasons. In those cases, you may want a professional to help you figure out the real problems. Due to a high demand in computer services, five of us decided to establish a computer repair and upgrading company called ISU. ISU stands for Iowa Service and Upgrade which is founded recently on the 14th of June 2004. Our main office is located close to Maple dormitory which can be easily recognized by its brown brick color. The office can be reached easily through the main road in Ames called Lincoln Way. From Lincoln Way, you have to turns north onto Wallace road and then turn west onto Richardson Court. Below is the picture of our company’s logo: The blue figure represents the state of Iowa. We marked our company’s name inside the state figure so it symbolizes that our company is located in Iowa. Our slogan is â€Å"your friend is not the expert.† Many people who do not know about computers usually ask for help from their friends instead of using a professional service. Even though using professional service far more efficient compare to â€Å"friend† without any proficient knowledge or experience. Most of the time, bigger problems can occur if your friend did not fix the computers properly. What we are trying to say here is that you should not trust anybody except us, the professionals. Our services will include the following: First, we repair hardware from all brand of desktop and laptop computers. We presumed that most of our customers will want to ask us to do hardware compatibility check; given that a computer is consisted of many parts and those parts are connected to each other organically. Incompatibility makes it easy for the computer to be out of order, especially on a laptop computer with its integrated keyboard, monitor, and hard drive.

Honest government Essay

Government is made up of individuals of all personality types and of all character types. As with any profession, department or organization, some individuals are more honest than others. It would be impossible with the broad and encompassing area that government consists of to expect â€Å"honest government. † In addition, what each person perceives as â€Å"honest government† can differ. Some people feel if a politician promises not to increase taxes and then discovers after being elected into office that tax increases are necessary, this to some would be considered dishonesty in government. Others might see it as a different perspective with new information available that the government official didn’t have accessible when making the original statement. There is no way that we can see, hear and be a part of all of the decisions and choices that government makes. Often, one’s direct supervisor is not even capable of knowing what their staff is doing, let alone an entire city, county, state or national government. The checks and balance system of our federal government is proving itself to be almost completely useless so as individuals we cannot â€Å"be all† and â€Å"monitor all. † As long as we have dishonest people and as long as those people enter government positions, there will be dishonest government. However, as stated earlier, we all have our individual perceptions of what is honest and dishonest so that plays a part in how we see the government’s activities also. One website on government dishonesty stated, â€Å"If we intend to live under a government where truth is valued, it must be demanded of our leaders. Those who cannot or will not be truthful must be voted out of office† (Whose, 2007). Many government officials are voted in so I suppose this can possibly refer to those positions. However, not all government positions are elected into their positions. This statement also assumes the next person for the position will be more honest than the former which most of us know isn’t necessarily the case. In conclusion, I do not feel that completely honest government is possible when we are filling government positions with humans, and humans are not perfect nor are they always honest. Reference (2007). Whose fault is government dishonesty? Retrieved June 28, 2007, from University Times Web site: http://www. umpi. maine. edu/utimes/content/view/52/8/

Perceptions and Causes of Psycho-pathology Essay

Psychopathology is the study of mental illness or disorders. Abnormal psychology is the study of understanding the nature, causes, and treatments of mental illness. This paper will discuss Psychopathology, give an overview of how culture is a factor determining the expression of psychopathology. Next the causes of psychopathology using the biopsychosocial models will be discuss and lastly, society’s perception of psychopathology overtime will be evaluated(Butcher, Mineka, Hooley, 2013). Culture & Psychopathology Culture can be defined as a way of life for a particular group of people. Every culture has its own set of rules and in some cases these rules are actual laws. In every culture there are shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that are acceptable because they are considered normal amongst everyone in that culture(Butcher, Mineka, Hooley, 2013). For example, in the United States it is customary for most children to own their own celluar phone, whereas a person from another country may think it is abnormal that a child as young as seven year old has a celluar phone. People set standards and norms based on what they are taught to follow growing up. Although most social rules are arbitrary, when an individual does not abide by the standards set, their cultural group deems that individual as behaving abnormally. There are behaviors that may apepar to be abnormal to one culture, but may accepted in another culture (Butcher et al., 2012). Additionally, there are disorders that are particular to a culture, based on the things that society has deem normal (Butcher et al., 2013). Studies have suggested that some culture-specific disorders are a â€Å"culturally determined symptom† associated with other disorders (Balhara, 2011, para 14). This idea seems to be supported by Butcher et al. (2013), who mentioned that one’s culture can influence the presentation of a person’s disorder. Culture and  Psychopathology go hand and hand because culture is what deciphers what is considered normal or abnormal. However, there are categories of psychopathology that are particular to certain cultures and are found only in particular areas of the world. Causes of Psychopathology When determining the cause of abnormal behavior one must differentiate between necessary, sufficient, and contributory causal factors. The three causal factors are necessary, sufficient, and contributory causes. The necessary cause is â€Å"if disorder Y occurs, then cause X must have preceded it.† The sufficient cause is â€Å"if cause X occurs, then disorder Y will also occur.† The contributory cause is If X occurs, then the probability of disorder Y increases(Butcher, Mineka, Hooley, 2013). Society’s Perception This is the next paragraph before the conclusion Conclusion The closing paragraph is designed to bring the reader to your way of thinking if you are writing a persuasive essay, to understand relationships if you are writing a comparison/contrast essay, or simply to value the information you provide in an informational essay. The closing paragraph summarizes the key points from the supporting paragraphs without introducing any new information. References Balhara, Y. P. S. (2011). Culture-bound syndrome: Has it found its right niche? Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine,33(2), 210-215. doi:10.4103/0253-7176.92055. Butcher, J. N., Mineka, S. & Hooley, J. M. (2013) Abnormal psychology (15th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Guarnaccia, P. & Pincay, I. M. (n.d.). Culture-specific diagnoses and their relationship to mood disorders. Retrieved from http://www.nrchmh.org/ResourcesDirectService/Culture-Specific%20Diagnoses%20and%20Their%20Relationship%20to%20Mood%20Disorders.pdf Rana, D. K., & Sharma, N. (2013). Culture and psychopathology. Asia-Pacific Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1), 121-134. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516054490?accountid=458.

Practice These Italian Workbook Exercises

Practice These Italian Workbook Exercises Are you studying the Italian language? Here are some exercises to help you with your skills. Present Tense: First-Conjugation Regular Verbs A. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the indicated verb. Loro ________________ lentamente. (camminare)Tu ________________ la macchina. (guidare)Adriana non ________________ il quaderno. (trovare)Marco ________________ lorologio. (guardare)Io ________________ i biglietti. (comprare)Voi ________________ ad alta voce. (cantare)________________ fino a tardi voi? (lavorare)Io ________________ il ricevitore. (alzare)Noi ________________ la lezione. (imparare)Loro ________________ in ritardo. (arrivare) Present Tense: Second-Conjugation Regular Verbs B. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the indicated verb. Il professore non ________________. (rispondere)Noi ________________ un caffà ©. (bere)Loro ________________ un film. (vedere)Io ________________ la macchina. (vendere)Tu ________________ i giornali. (leggere)Io ________________ due aspirine. (prendere)Noi non ________________ la storia. (credere)Voi ________________ ogni sera. (correre)Anna Maria ________________ sempre le chiavi! (perdere)Roberta e Fabrizio ________________ volentieri delle lettere. (scrivere) Present Tense: Third-Conjugation Regular Verbs C. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the indicated verb. Loro ________________ il campanello. (sentire)Il cuoco ________________ le patate. (bollire)Franco ________________ la scatola. (aprire)Io ________________ il caffà © alle amiche. (offrire)Voi ________________ la verit. (scoprire)Noi ________________ la finestra. (aprire)Marcantonio ________________ bene. (vestire)Tu ________________ il pericolo. (sfuggire)Voi ________________ oggi. (partire)Io ________________ le bevande. (servire)

Essay about S4 104

Essay about S4 104 Essay about S4 104 Â §4.104 Schedule of ratings- cardiovascular system. Diseases of the Heart Rating Note 1: Evaluate cor pulmonale, which is a form of secondary heart disease, as part of the pulmonary condition that causes it. Note 2: One MET (metabolic equivalent) is the energy cost of standing quietly at rest and represents an oxygen uptake of 3.5 milliliters per kilogram of body weight per minute. When the level of METs at which dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope develops is required for evaluation, and a laboratory determination of METs by exercise testing cannot be done for medical reasons, an estimation by a medical examiner of the level of activity (expressed in METs and supported by specific examples, such as slow stair climbing or shoveling snow) that results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope may be used. 7000 Valvular heart disease (including rheumatic heart disease): During active infection with valvular heart damage and for three months following cessation of therapy for the active infection 100 Thereafter, with valvular heart disease (documented by findings on physical examination and either echocardiogram, Doppler echocardiogram, or cardiac catheterization) resulting in: Chronic congestive heart failure, or; workload of 3 METs or less results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of less than 30 percent 100 More than one episode of acute congestive heart failure in the past year, or; workload of greater than 3 METs but not greater than 5 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 30 to 50 percent 60 Workload of greater than 5 METs but not greater than 7 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; evidence of cardiac hypertrophy or dilatation on electro-cardiogram, echocardiogram, or X-ray 30 Workload of greater than 7 METs but not greater than 10 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; continuous medication required 10 7001 Endocarditis: For three months following cessation of therapy for active infection with cardiac involvement 100 Thereafter, with endocarditis (documented by findings on physical examination and either echocardiogram, Doppler echocardiogram, or cardiac catheterization) resulting in: Chronic congestive heart failure, or; workload of 3 METs or less results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of less than 30 percent 100 More than one episode of acute congestive heart failure in the past year, or; workload of greater than 3 METs but not greater than 5 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 30 to 50 percent 60 Workload of greater than 5 METs but not greater than 7 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; evidence of cardiac hypertrophy or dilatation on electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, or X-ray 30 Workload of greater than 7 METs but not greater than 10 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; continuous medication required 10 7002 Pericarditis: For three months following cessation of therapy for active infection with cardiac involvement 100 Thereafter, with documented pericarditis resulting in: Chronic congestive heart failure, or; workload of 3 METs or less results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of less than 30 percent 100 More than one episode of acute congestive heart failure in the past year, or; workload of greater than 3 METs but not

What Do Ivy League Schools Think of the ACT

What Do Ivy League Schools Think of the ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips As an ACT tutor, I often fielded questions about whether the test would be looked down on by admissions officers, especially those at Ivy League schools. Because the SAT was the dominant college admissions test for so long, many students and parents worry that- at least in the Northeast- schools still prefer the SAT over the ACT. However, that time has definitely passed, and schools will now accept either test equally. Read on for a more in-depth explanation of how Ivy League schools view the ACT today, and learn the differences in testing policies that might affect your decision to take the ACT or SAT. Ivy League Schools' Official Policies on the ACT Officially, all of the Ivy League schools accept both the ACT and SAT,as does every other school in the US.Harvey Mudd was the last no-ACT holdout,but it began accepting the test in 2007. â€Å"Since it’s a choice you can make, it has the feeling of being a significant choice, fraught with implication, but I don’t think it does matter,† Marlyn McGrath-Lewis, director of admissions at Harvard College, told the New York Times. â€Å"Either is fine with us, and we don’t have a feeling that either favors students with any particular profile.† According to ACT, Inc., "The ACT test is the nation’s most popular college entrance exam accepted and valued by all universities and colleges in the United States."The "most popular" comment is just marketing spin, but the basic point stands: every school in the US accepts the ACT and SAT equally. How These ACT Policies Actually Work As you now know, the Ivy League schools claim to view the ACT as equivalent to the SAT, but does that mean they actually do? It's impossible to be 100% sure, but I strongly believe the Ivy League schools treat the two tests equally. For one, I was unable to find any evidence that admissions officers have a preference for one test over the other. Moreover, there is no logical reason for admissions counselors to discriminate against students who take the ACT,especially since doing so is likely to cost them some exceptional students who happened not to take the SAT. If you examine the statistics on ACT and SAT scores among admitted students, some differences in how schools treat scores from the two tests do appear, but they're mostly meaningless. It's been said that there is a slight SAT advantage for students scoring on the low end of schools' accepted score ranges. So if you have the same percentile score on both tests (i.e., you do better than the same percentage of students who took the test), your SAT score will be more likely to get you into a college than your ACT score will be. However, this analysis is somewhat misleading because it doesn't take into account the fact that many students who don't plan ongoing to college take the ACT as part of statewide assessments, increasing the number of low-scoring students and slightly skewing the percentiles. Looking at the data for Ivy League schools, you'll also see that more admitted applicants submit SAT scores than they do ACT scores.However, this trend seems to be evening out. For example, when it comes toCornell's class of 2018, 79.7% submitted SAT scores while only 41.4% submitted ACT scores. Yet for the class of 2021, 63.7% submitted SAT scores and 55.9% submitted ACT scores. As you can see, even with these slight changes in percentages, the SAT is still a little more popular than the ACT is among Ivy League applicants. Although this might seem like evidence of bias, this difference is easily explained by regional preference:more than 50% of both the 2018 and 2021 Cornell classes hailed from the Northeast, where the SAT is much more common than the ACT. Yale University (in the winter, obviously) Ultimately, there's no compelling evidence that any schools, including members of the Ivy League, judge the ACT more harshly than they do the SAT.As such, you should ignore this perceived bias when deciding between the two tests. Instead, focus on determining which test is better for you. Since most students score similarly on the two, it's usually just a question of which test you feel more comfortable with. Alternatively, you might want totake both the ACT and SAT. Next up, let's go over the two differences in testing policies that might affect your decision of which test to take! Schools' Testing Policies: Superscoring and SAT Subject Tests Though colleges accept the ACT and SAT equally, schools can still have slight differences in what supplementary tests they require and in how they calculate your final score depending on which test you took. SAT Subject Tests Rarely, at some schools, if you submit ACT with Writing scores, you don’t have to submit SAT Subject Test scores. However, since many top-ranked schools no longer require SAT Subject Test scores, this policy has begun to disappear. At present, no Ivy League schools have this policy in place. That said,Duke is one selective schoolthat does allow applicants to submit an ACT with Writing score in lieu of SAT + two SAT Subject Test scores. For many students, SAT Subject Tests offer the opportunity to exhibit deep knowledge of a topic. Especially for the extremely competitive Ivy League schools, these tests can be a valuable part of your application (assuming you do well on them). Superscoring Superscoring- the process by which your highest component scores among multiple test dates are combined to create a new composite score- is a common practice for SAT scores. Generally speaking, though, admission committees don't superscorethe ACT.(This rule holds among all schools and not just the Ivy League ones.) While schools will still look at your highest ACT scores and some will consider individual section scores, few will combine ACT section scores from multiple test dates into a single superscoredcomposite. Though this policy might seem like a huge disadvantage to the ACT, it doesn't actually make that much of a difference. Policy by School This table breaks down the Ivy League schools' policies on SAT Subject Tests and superscoring. The second column indicates how many SAT Subject Tests the school requires/recommends. The third column explains the school's superscoringpolicy, which can be one of three options: Doesn't superscore at all Superscores the SAT but only looks at yourhighest composite ACT score Superscores the SAT and looks at your highestACT section scores Note that even schools that claim to superscore the ACT usually look at your highest ACT section scores withoutactually combining them to create a composite superscore (as they do with the SAT). School # of SAT Subject Tests Recommended/Required Superscoring Policy Brown 2 recommended Superscores SAT; considers highest ACT section scores but does not calculate superscore Columbia None Superscores SAT and ACT Cornell Varies by program (usually 0 or 2 required) Superscores SAT but not ACT Dartmouth 2 recommended Superscores SAT; considers highest component ACT score Harvard 2 recommended Superscores SAT; considers highest component ACT score Princeton 2 recommended Superscores SAT; considers highest component ACT score UPenn 2 recommended Superscores SAT and ACT Yale Recommended (no # specified) Superscores SAT; considers highest component ACT score What You Need to Know About the Ivy League and the ACT No matter what you might've heard, Ivy League schools have no preference between the ACT and SAT.You can submit scores from either test or from both of them withoutworrying that your application will be dinged. Ultimately, choosing between the SAT and the ACT comes down to personal preference.There will occasionally be a large difference between how a student scores on the SAT and the ACT(a difference of more than 100 points once the ACT is converted to its SAT equivalent). Most students, however, score similarly on both tests. Nonetheless, the styles of the two tests are different enough that you may find the ACT easier than the SAT, or vice versa. Perhaps you struggle with the ACT's less generous time limits, or maybe you think the SAT's evidencequestionsare particularly confusing. What's Next? Planning on applying to Ivy League schools? Get a handle on what kind of SAT score you really need, and check out this in-depth guide tohow to get into the Ivy League, written by a real Harvard grad! Trying to decide whether to take the SAT or ACT? Read our guide to learnthe 11 key differences between the two teststo help you decide which is better suited to your strengths. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Explaining my scheme Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Explaining my scheme - Essay Example In this chapter, an overview is given in Section 4.2. Then, Section 4.3 illustrates how the initial labels are allocated and how the different relationships are determined. Section 4.4 describes how insertions are handled and how different relationships are preserved. A validation of the relationships using algebra is shown in Section 4.5. Finally, in Section 4.6, the chapter ends with a general conclusion that leads to the following chapter which discusses the scheme from the point of view of implementation. The proposed scheme is based on the parent-child grouping to facilitate the identification of parent-child and sibling relationships faster, based on a simple comparison. Parent-child grouping was also selected due to the high number of xml documents that come with this type of relationship (Goldman & Widom, 1997). Again, parent-child and sibling grouping facilitate smother insertions of new nodes, given the fact that in this form of grouping only a simple tree structure will be dealt with rather than the whole tree (Cohen, Kaplan & Milo, 2002). The advantage of allowing smoother insertion builds on the prefix GroupID labelling scheme but does not determine a fixed number of nodes to be inserted. Gusfield (1997) also observed that when dealing with parent-child groupings, labelling can be thought of as being easier, faster and more accurate as it deals with a simple tree structure. The simple structure has to do with a root node and its direct children nodes. Another critical characteristic of the scheme is that it uses two labels for each node in order to facilitate the processing nodes within the same group that uses their simple local labels. This is in contrast with multiplication-based scheme where the global label is used to connect a group to the whole tree which helps in identifying relationships between nodes belong to different group (Milo & Suciu, 1999). Based on existing schemes such